Apraclonidine is a Medicine belongs to antiglaucoma drugs group whose information about Brand can be referenced from   Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,

  ►   Brandname :
Alfadrops,iopidine


  ►  Strength :
Ophthalmic Solution with 0.5  %, Ophthalmic Solution with 1  %,

Reference of this Medicine for its Strength can be taken from   Book : Basic & Clinical pharmacology    Page : 148   Edition : 12,
A Route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration.

  ►  Route of administration :
Topical,
Reference :-   Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,

Dosing of Medicine differ in Adult & Pediatrics ↓

Adult Dose

S.No Ailment   Route   Dose Min   Dose Max   Unit   Dosage Form   Frequency   Additional Info
1 Control or prevent a postoperative increase in intraocular pressure Topical 1 % Ophthalmic Solution For patients undergoing anterior segment laser surgery; it is instilled into the eye one hour before surgery and again immediately upon completion of surgery.
2 Raised intra-ocular pressure Topical 0.5 % Ophthalmic Solution t.i.d. Given for short-term adjunctive therapy when not controlled by conventional therapy.

Ref :-  Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,




Pediatric Dose

S.No Ailment   Age Min   Age Max   Weight ( Kg ) Route   Dose Min   Dose Max   Unit   Dosage Form   Frequency  Additional Info  

Ref :- Book :
►  Side Effect :
hyperaemia, lid retraction, mydriasis, ocular intolerance reaction, ocular pruritus, increased lachrymation, ocular discomfort, oedema of the lids, conjunctival blanching, Blurred Vision, asthenia, headache, taste disturbances, exaggerated reduction in intra-ocular pressure, oedema of conjunctiva, conjunctivitis, ,
Ref :-   Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,
►  Drug Interaction : Drug interaction of Apraclonidine is with
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor, Tricyclic antidepressants, ,  NA

  ►    Mechanism of Drug Drug Interaction : 
Systemic absorption may occur after topical application of apraclonidine to the eye and there is a theoretical possibility of interactions similar to those reported with clonidine. Since the effects of apraclonidine on circulating catecholamines are unknown, licensed product information recommends that MAOIs should not be given with apraclonidine; tricyclic and related antidepressants and systemic sympathomimetics should also be avoided or used with caution.,
Ref :-   Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,

►  Contraindication :
in case of drowsiness patients should not drive or operate machinery, Treatment should be stopped if these symptoms occur; hyperaemia, ocular pruritus, increased lachrymation, ocular discomfort, and oedema of the lids and conjunctiva.,
Ref :-   Book : Martindale    Page : 2004   Edition : 38,
  ►  Mechanism of Action :  
Apraclonidine is α 2 -selective agonist. The mechanism of action of this drug in treating glaucoma is still uncertain; direct neuroprotective effects may be involved in addition to the benefits of lowering intraocular pressure.,
Ref :-   Book : Basic & Clinical pharmacology    Page : 145   Edition : 12,

Pathway of Dietry Product

​   ► Act.Comp / Nutrient / Food / Herb as follows :- with Another pathway, Leaf of Pilocarpus with Another pathway,

  ►  Pathway with its reference as follows :-
  • Anti-Glaucoma --- (kokate, C. (2013). Pharmacognosy (4th ed.). Mumbai: Nirali Prakashan. )
  • Pilocarpine pilosine have Anti-Glaucoma property --- (Kokate, C. (2013). Pharmacognosy (4th ed.). Pune: Nirali Prakashan. )

    •   ►  URL -- http://freepharmadownloads.blogspot.com/2013/02/pharmacognosy-ckkokate-free-download.html,


    Dietry Substance Interactions

    ​   ► This Medicine interact with :- NA



    ContraIndication Dietry Substance

    ​   ► This Medicine contraindicate with :- NA

    ►   Route of Elimination :  
    NA


    ►    Plasma Half-life :      
    Min value :-   NA    Max value :-   NA


    ►    Peak Plasma Concentration :  
    Min value :-   NA    Max value :-   NA